Forcing-machine



(N5) Model.) v 1 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

- 11. HAMMOND. FORGI-NG MACHINE,

No. 400,670. Patented Apr. 2. 1

kmwxmm n. Perms. Phwlo-Lithngnpher. Wuh'mginn. n.c.

6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

(No Model.)

. H. HAMMOND. FORGING MACHINE No. 400,670., Patented Apr. 2,1889...

Withesses n. max Hnlo-Ulhomphar, WnMngicn. n (a UNITED STAT S PATENTOFFICE.

HENRY HAMMOND, OF NElV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

FO'RGING- MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 400,670, dated April 2,1889.

- Application filed December 4, 1338- $erial No. 292,637. (No model.)

Manufacture of Axes and other Similar Arti-. cles, of .which thefollowing description and claims constitute the specification, and whichblanks, and to forge the exterior. surfaces of is illustrated by theaccompanying six sheets of drawings.

i This machine is particularly adapted to punch the eyes in ax-blanksand ax-poll such blanks into a finished form.

, Figure 1 of the drawings is a plan viewof the machine. Fig. 2 is avertical longitudinal section on the compound line a Z) of Fig. 1. Fig.3 is a vertical lateral section on the line 0 d of Fig. 1, and lookingtoward the letter 19 of that figure. Fig. 4 is a vertical lateralsection on theline e f of Fig. 1, looking in the same direction. Fig. 5is a lateral h0rizontal section 011 the line g h of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is avertical view, partly in elevation and partly in section, of the centralpitman of the .lYlEtChlflG and of the punch operated thereby.

Fig. 7 is a View of the inside of a side pitman of the machine and ofthe link and inclined plane through which it operates upon one of theside die-blocks. Fig. 8 is a side view of the brake, which operates toretard the machine at each revolution of its main shaft.

Fig. 9 is a View, partly in section, of the apparatus by means dfavhichthe main shaft is alternately keyed and unkeyed with the pulley whichdrives it. Fig. 10 is a view of the key with which that alternate keyingand unkeying is accomplished.

. The shaft is enlarged between the outside of the frame of the machineand ithe inside of the pulley, and in the face of that enlarged part ofthe shaft is the recess 4, in which the arm 5 of the key 3 is adapted tooscillate. In the rear wall of that recess there is a round socket forthe reception of the, bearing 6 of the key 3. The bearing 7 of the key 3turns in a socket of the washer 8, which washer revolves with the shaft2. The axes of the bearings 6 and 7 are on a line with the upper surfaceof the middle part of the key 3, and the axes of the two sockets are ona line with the circle of the journal of the shaft 2. The slide 9reciprocates vertically 011 the side of the machine, and is providedwith the adjustable extremity 10, and is worked in one direction by theadjustable spring 11 and in i the other direction by the treadle 12through the rock-shaft 13, the arm 14, and the rod 15. The spring 16holds the key in its keying position, except when the arm of the key israised to its upright position by colliding with the extremity 10 of theslide 9. It so collides and thus stops the shaft at each revolutionunless the treadle 'is'kept depressed against the action of the spring11. WVhenever the shaft is not revolving, it may be started bydepressing the treadle and thus releasing the arm of the key from theextremity of the slide. When the arm of the key is thus released, thekey is turned upon the axes of its bearings 6 and 7, and its middleportion is thus carried into the longitudinal groove 17 in the interiorof the bushing 18, which groove is a counterpart of that on theperiphery of the journal of the shaft 2. The exterior of the bushing 18is provided with the longitudinal projection 19, which works in acorresponding recess in the interior of the hub 20 of the pulley 1against the resistance of the elastic cushion 21. A correspondingrecess, 22, in the opposite side of the interior of the hub 20 of thepulley is occupied by the projection 23 on the exterior of the.bushing18, and that portion of the latter space not occupied by the latterprojection may be partly or wholly occupied by a solid block to reduceor suspend, as the case may be, the

function of the cushion 21, which function consists in easing the startof the machine when the shaft 2 and the bushing 18 are keyed together bythe key The crank24 of the shaft 2 works-the pitlnan 25 by means of thesliding box 26, which reciprocates in the recess 27 in the head of thatpitman. The pitman 25 is guided by itscylindrical projection 28, whichreciprocates in a bearing through one end of the frame of the machine,and also by the tongues 20 and 30, which project from its l and thelower ends of those rods are forced opposite sides and reciprocate ingrooves on the insides of the U-shaped gate 31. That gate is providedwith the tongues 32 and 33, which reciprocate in grooves in the adjacentfixed parts of the machine 34 and 35, respectively. The working end ofthe pitman 25 is provided with the adjustable head 30, whichreciprocates in the for ward part of the interior of the U shaped gate31, and limits the reciprocation of the pitman 25 relatively to thatgate. The die-block 37 is fixed to the forward face of the gate 3], andis adjustable horizontally thereon, while the die-section 33 is fixed tothe forward face of the die-block 37 and is adj ustable verticallythereon. The punch 39 is removably fixed in the forward face of thediesection 38. Thepitmen l0 and 41 are worked by cranks of thecrai'ik-shaft 2, which cranks are identically set relatively to the axisof the crank-shaft, but are set about forty-five degrees behind thecrank 24:. Those pitmen are guided by their projections .42 and 43,respectively, and their tongues 44 and .45, and 16 and T7, respectively,and they are constructed with the forward detachable sections *8 and4-9, respectively, and they aid to operate the die-sections and 51,respectively, by means of intermediate mechanisms which are duplicatesof each other, and which, therefore, I now describe once only, and inconnection with the pitman 40. The forward section, t8, of the pitman 40is provided with the upper projection, 52, and the lower projection, 53,and each of these projections is provided with the inward-lookingsurfaces 54 and 55, united by the inclined surface 51%, and thepitman-section 48 is provided with the link 57, the rear end of which ispivoted thereto at 5S,and the forward end of which is provided with theguides 59 and (it), which reciprocate in diagonal grooves 61 and 32 inthe opposite faces of the inner sides of the U-shaped dieblock U3. Theoutward face of that die-block is provided with the concavity (it forthe reception of the forward convex end of the link 57.

The die-block (i3 is constructed in two pieces, and is adjustable inlength by means of the wedge U5, worked between those two pieces by thethreaded bolt to. The forward face of the die-block U3 is provided witha dovetailed groove for the adjustable reception of the diesect-ion 50.The die block (i3 is also provided with the vertical recess H7 and thehorizontal pins US and 00, passing through thatrecess crosswise of thatdie-block. The diebloek U3 and its counterpart which carries thedie-section 51 are not only operated upon by the pitmen l0 and 11, butare also caused to reciprocate toward and from each other by theCa-lIl-lOdS 7 O and 71, respectively. The upper ends of those rodsreciprocate in the vertical recesses 72 and 73, respectively, in thatpart of the frame of the machine which is designated by the letter I andwhich rests upon the main part A of the frame of the machine,

up by the wedge 7b, worked by the threaded bolt 7!), and thecorresponding wear bet-ween the rearward side of the pitman-section it;and the adjacent part of the frame l3 may be taken up by thecorrespomling wedge and bolt. (Shown in Figs. -t and The forward andbottom die-section, St), is ad justably fixed to the forward side ofthat rectangular recess in the frame B which contains it, and contains,also, the side die-sections, 50 and 51.

The brake consists of the disk 81, keyed to one end of the shaft 2, andprovided with the eccentric surface 82 for contact with the brakeshoe 8and that brake-shoe is adjustably fixed to the side of the frame A bymeans of the bracket Si and the set-screws 85. The wear of the shaft 2may be taken up by the threaded bolts 86, S7, 88, and Sf), working thewedges 90, 91, 92, and 93 against the concave shoes at, ()5, 9 and 97,respectively.

The mode of operation of this machine is as follows: When the(lie-sections are in the open positions shown in Fig. 1,- the operativeplaces the blank to be punched and formed head downward upon the forwardand bottom die-section, St), and between the die-sections 50 and 51.Then he so moves the arm 77 as to pull downward the rods 70 and 7], andthus force the die-block i3 and its counterpart on the other side of themachine, together with the die-sections 50 and. 5], toward each other,so as to clasp the blank between them, and to hold its center exactlyopposite to the point of the punch 39. The operative then presses downthe treadle 12, and thus raises the slide 9 and its extremity 10 awayfrom contact with the arm 5 of the key 3, and thereby starts the shaft;2 on a revolution in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 9. Thatrevolution first moves the pitman 25 without moving the gate 31 untilthe forward side of the head 36 strikes the adjacent surface of thatgate. During that motion the pitman 40 is driven forward by its crank,so as to carry the faces of the pitman-section l8 behind the die-blockG3, and the corresponding parts on the other side of the machine operatecorrespondingly. Thereupon the further revolution of the shaft forcesthe gate 31 forward with the pitman 25, and thereby car- ITO ries thepoint of the punch to the edge of the the other side of the machineagain operate correspondingly. Thereupon the further revolution of theshaft withdraws the pitman and the head 36 without withdrawing the gate31 and the punch 39, and while the head 36 is moving through its openspace in the gate 31,

and while the punch therefore remains in the blank, the last-mentioned,further revolution of the shaft carries the pitman 40, the link 57, thedie-block 63, and the die-section 5O forward with great power, andcorrespondingly carries the corresponding parts on the other side of themachine, and thus operates to squeeze the blank between the die-section50 and 51. Thereupon the further and final part of the revolution of theshaft withdraws the punch from the blank and withdraws the forwardmakethe shaft revolve, is thereupon restrained by the brake 81 and thebrake-shoe 83, and the machine is thus brought to a full stop. Then theoperative moves the arm 77, so as to raise the rods 70 and 71, and thusopens the die-sections and 51 to make the machine ready for a repetitionof the described operation.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of the pitman 48, providedwith a surface, 55, parallel to the direction of its stroke, and with asurface, 56, inclined to the'direction of its stroke, the link 57,pivoted to the pitman opposite to that parallel surface, and the block63, adapted to slide substantially at right angles to the stroke of thepitman and during one such stroke to be first caused by that inclinedsurface thus to slide, and then to be held stationary by that parallelsurface, and then to be forced by that link to slide still farther, allsubstantially as described.

2. The combination of the shaft 2, the pit man 25, provided with thehead 36, and the gate 31, and the pitman 40, provided with the link 57and the die-block 63, all constructed and combined substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination of a pulley mounted on a shaft with a bushing betweenthem, and with an elastic cushion between the pulley and the bushing,and a rotating eccentric key between the bushing and the shaft, a shaftcarrying the pulley and intermittently revolved thereby, and threepitmen harmoniously Worked by cranks on the shaft, all constructed andcombined so that the pulley turns freely on the shaft when the key is inone position, and that turning the key into another position locks theshaft to the bushing and transmits the motion of the pulley to the shaftand thence to the pitmen, and that the cushion eases the otherwisesudden shock of the beginning of that transmission, all substantially asdescribed.

4. The combination of the shaft 2, provided with cranks, substantiallyas described, the pitmen 25, 4:0, and 41, worked by those cranks, thedisk 8l,keyed to that shaft and provided with the eccentric surface 82,and the shoe 83, fixed adjacent to that surface, all constructed andcombined so that the shoe will tend to stop each revolution of the diskand shaft and each reciprocation of the pitmen, all substantially asdescribed.

5. The combination of the shaft 7 6,worked by the arm 7 7 and having thearms 74: and 75, with the cam-rods 7 O and 71,1'eciprocating twoopposite die-blocks simultaneouslyin opposite directions, allsubstantially as described.

HENRY HAMMOND.

Witnesses:

ALBERT H. WALKER, JOHN H. KIRKHAM.

